Country Music

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Country Music

IN ONE TWELVE-HOUR NASHVILLE SESSION, LINDA MARTELL RECORDED ELEVEN SONGS. WEEKS LATER, SHE BECAME THE FIRST BLACK WOMAN TO SING ON THE GRAND OLE OPRY. Before Nashville called her Linda Martell, she was Thelma Bynem from South Carolina. She had grown up singing gospel. Later she sang R&B in clubs around the Carolinas, working small rooms where the crowd knew soul music better than steel guitar. But she also loved country songs. She sang them at an Air Force base one night, and a furniture-store owner named William Rayner heard something he had not expected to hear. A Black woman singing country music with no apology in her voice. Rayner brought her to Nashville in May 1969. On May 15, she signed a management agreement. The next day, Shelby Singleton signed her to Plantation Records. Then they put her in the studio. Linda recorded eleven songs in one twelve-hour session. One of them was “Color Him Father,” a recent soul hit by the Winstons. Singleton wanted her to make it country. On the first take, he told her he did not want to hear the original record. He wanted to hear her. The single came out in July. By September, it had reached No. 22 on the country chart. Radio stations that had never seen Linda Martell were playing her voice between the records of Tammy Wynette, Lynn Anderson, and Jeannie C. Riley. Then she walked onto the Grand Ole Opry stage. In August 1969, Linda Martell became the first Black woman to perform there. She would appear on the Opry twelve times. She sang on Hee Haw. She released Color Me Country in 1970. For a moment, it looked as if country music had made room for a new kind of star. But the room was never as open as it looked. Linda faced racial abuse from audiences, resistance inside the business, and a label whose name itself carried the weight of the South she had grown up in. Her records stopped getting the support they needed. By the mid-1970s, she had left Nashville and gone back home to South Carolina, where she worked outside the music business for decades. Then, in 2024, Beyoncé brought Linda Martell’s voice onto Cowboy Carter. More than fifty years after Nashville gave her one fast chance, the woman who had recorded eleven songs in a single day was heard again by millions of people. The first record had been called “Color Him Father.” This time, country music had to remember her name.

“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.”

IN ONE TWELVE-HOUR NASHVILLE SESSION, LINDA MARTELL RECORDED ELEVEN SONGS. WEEKS LATER, SHE BECAME THE FIRST BLACK WOMAN TO SING ON THE GRAND OLE OPRY.

Before Nashville called her Linda Martell, she was Thelma Bynem from South Carolina.

She grew up singing gospel.

Later, she sang R&B in clubs around the Carolinas.

Small rooms.

Late nights.

Crowds that knew soul music better than steel guitar.

But Linda loved country songs too.

And one night, at an Air Force base, she sang them without apology.

A furniture-store owner named William Rayner heard her.

A Black woman singing country music like she had every right to be there.

Because she did.

Nashville Moved Fast

Rayner brought her to Nashville in May 1969.

On May 15, she signed a management agreement.

The next day, Shelby Singleton signed her to Plantation Records.

Then they put her in the studio.

There was no long development period.

No years of soft introductions.

No time for the business to decide whether it was comfortable.

Linda recorded eleven songs in one twelve-hour session.

Eleven.

In one day.

One of them was “Color Him Father,” a recent soul hit by the Winstons.

Singleton wanted her to make it country.

On the first take, he gave her a simple instruction.

Do not copy the original record.

Let them hear you.

The Record Started Moving

“Color Him Father” came out in July.

By September, it had climbed to No. 22 on the country chart.

Radio stations that had never met Linda Martell were suddenly playing her between Tammy Wynette, Lynn Anderson, and Jeannie C. Riley.

For a moment, country radio was doing something it had rarely done.

It was letting listeners hear a Black woman in the middle of the format.

Not as a novelty.

Not as a guest.

As an artist with a record climbing the chart.

Then She Walked Onto The Opry Stage

In August 1969, Linda Martell became the first Black woman to perform on the Grand Ole Opry.

She would appear there twelve times.

She sang on Hee Haw.

She released Color Me Country in 1970.

From the outside, it looked like country music had opened a door.

The singer from South Carolina had crossed from club rooms into Nashville’s most famous circle.

But some doors open only far enough to show you the room.

Not far enough to let you stay.

The Business Was Not As Open As It Looked

Linda faced racial abuse from audiences.

Resistance inside the industry.

And a label whose name carried the weight of the South she had grown up in.

The records stopped getting the support they needed.

The momentum thinned out.

By the mid-1970s, Linda had left Nashville and gone back to South Carolina.

For decades, she worked outside the music business.

The woman who had once recorded eleven songs in a single day was left carrying a country career that had been allowed to begin fast, but not allowed to grow long.

Then The Voice Came Back

In 2024, Beyoncé brought Linda Martell’s voice onto Cowboy Carter.

More than fifty years after Nashville gave her that first fast chance, millions of people heard her again.

Not as a footnote.

Not as a forgotten experiment.

As a woman whose place in country music had been real all along.

What Linda Martell Really Left Behind

The deepest part of this story is not only that Linda Martell was the first Black woman to perform on the Grand Ole Opry.

It is how much she had to do before the business decided what to do with her.

A gospel childhood.

R&B clubs.

One night at an Air Force base.

A trip to Nashville.

Eleven songs in twelve hours.

A chart hit.

Twelve Opry appearances.

Then decades of silence.

Her first country single was called “Color Him Father.”

More than fifty years later, country music finally had to remember the woman who sang it.

Linda Martell.

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TAMMY WYNETTE’S BABY WEIGHED LESS THAN TWO POUNDS. TAMMY WAS STILL GETTING UP AT 4 A.M. TO SING BEFORE HER TEN-HOUR SHIFT. Before Nashville called her Tammy Wynette, she was Virginia Pugh Byrd — a young mother in Mississippi trying to keep three little girls fed. She had married Euple Byrd at seventeen. They lived where they could afford to live. Sometimes there was no running water. Sometimes there was no heat. Tammy learned cosmetology because a beauty-school certificate looked more practical than a dream of country music. She cut hair. She waited tables. She worked wherever a young mother could find a paycheck. Then, in March 1965, her daughter Tina was born three months early. The baby weighed about two pounds. Four months later, Tina developed spinal meningitis and spent seventeen days in isolation at the hospital. Tammy borrowed money from family to cover the bills. The marriage was already breaking apart. Her husband was away. The future singer who would one day stand in sequins before sold-out crowds was still trying to get through the week without letting the hospital debt swallow the family whole. But she kept singing. She sang in bars. She sang for customers. She sang whenever somebody gave her a few minutes near a microphone. The voice was there before the name was there — high, wounded, unmistakably female in a world that did not give struggling women many places to tell the truth. By 1966, Tammy had left the marriage and gone to Nashville with her daughters. She arrived with no hit record, no powerful manager, and no certainty that country music needed another young mother with a hard-luck story. But she carried the sound of every room she had already survived. “Apartment No. 9” came first. Then “Your Good Girl’s Gonna Go Bad.” Then “I Don’t Wanna Play House.” The woman country music later called the First Lady had already learned what it meant to stand beside a hospital bed, count borrowed money, and sing anyway.

Country Music

THE FIRST RECORD SKEETER DAVIS MADE WITH BETTY JACK WENT TO NO. 1. TEN WEEKS LATER, BETTY JACK WAS DEAD AND SKEETER WAS WAKING UP IN A HOSPITAL WITHOUT HER. Before Skeeter Davis became the woman who sang “The End of the World,” she was half of the Davis Sisters. Her real name was Mary Frances Penick. Betty Jack Davis was her best friend from high school in Kentucky. They were not related, but they sang together so often that Skeeter took Betty Jack’s last name and the two became sisters everywhere that mattered: on local radio, in talent contests, in Detroit clubs, and finally in the RCA Victor studio. In May 1953, they recorded “I Forgot More Than You’ll Ever Know.” The song began climbing quickly. It went to No. 1 on the country chart and crossed into pop radio. Two young women who had once sung during school lunch breaks were suddenly hearing their voices come back through jukeboxes and car radios across the country. Then, after a show in Wheeling, West Virginia, they started driving home. Near Cincinnati, in the early morning of August 2, another driver crossed into their path. The collision was head-on. Betty Jack was killed. Skeeter survived with serious head injuries. When she woke up in the hospital, the girl she had sung beside for years was gone. But the record kept climbing. “I Forgot More Than You’ll Ever Know” stayed at No. 1 for eight weeks. Radio listeners were buying the song while Skeeter was trying to recover from the crash that had ended the duo behind it. The Davis Sisters had become famous at the exact moment one of them could no longer hear the record. Six months later, Skeeter went back onstage. Beside her was Georgia Davis, Betty Jack’s younger sister. They continued as the Davis Sisters. They recorded more singles. They toured with RCA package shows. They even stood at the Grand Ole Opry for a tribute to Betty Jack. But the name was the same only on paper. Every harmony carried the space where one voice used to be. By 1956, Skeeter left the act and began again as a solo singer. Years later, she would make “The End of the World,” one of the loneliest records country music ever sent into pop radio. But before that song, Skeeter Davis had already watched a world end. She had heard a No. 1 record rise while one half of the harmony was gone.

Country Music

IN 1984, BARBARA MANDRELL SURVIVED A CRASH THAT LEFT HER BODY BROKEN. THE WOMAN WHO HAD ALREADY LOST HER VOICE ONCE HAD TO FIND HER WAY BACK AGAIN. By 1984, Barbara Mandrell had already spent years making country music look effortless. She had been a teenage steel-guitar player in her family band. She had become one of Nashville’s biggest stars, won CMA Entertainer of the Year twice, and carried Barbara Mandrell and the Mandrell Sisters into millions of homes every Saturday night. But the schedule had started to cost her. Voice problems had forced her to end the television show, and she was trying to rebuild the next chapter with a Las Vegas production, a new special, and another round of work. Then, on September 11, she was driving in Tennessee with two of her children. Another car crossed into her lane. The collision was head-on. Barbara suffered a broken femur, a shattered ankle, a damaged knee, cuts, and a severe concussion. Her children survived with less serious injuries. The other driver was killed. For months, she was not thinking about records or television cameras. She was dealing with surgeries, rehabilitation, pain, memory problems, and a body that no longer trusted her to move the way it had before. But country music kept moving while Barbara was recovering. Her 1985 single “There’s No Love in Tennessee” reached the Top 10. Then came “Fast Lanes and Country Roads.” “No One Mends a Broken Heart Like You.” The songs were coming back before she could fully believe her own life was returning with them. In 1986, Barbara stepped back onto a stage at the Universal Amphitheatre in Los Angeles. Dolly Parton opened the show. The woman who had once made rhinestones, high heels, and television spotlights look easy had spent eighteen months learning how to stand, walk, and perform through pain again. She was not returning to the same body that had driven down that road in Tennessee. But she was returning. Barbara Mandrell did not come back because the crash had stopped hurting. She came back while her body was still teaching her how to live with what it had taken.

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IN ONE TWELVE-HOUR NASHVILLE SESSION, LINDA MARTELL RECORDED ELEVEN SONGS. WEEKS LATER, SHE BECAME THE FIRST BLACK WOMAN TO SING ON THE GRAND OLE OPRY. Before Nashville called her Linda Martell, she was Thelma Bynem from South Carolina. She had grown up singing gospel. Later she sang R&B in clubs around the Carolinas, working small rooms where the crowd knew soul music better than steel guitar. But she also loved country songs. She sang them at an Air Force base one night, and a furniture-store owner named William Rayner heard something he had not expected to hear. A Black woman singing country music with no apology in her voice. Rayner brought her to Nashville in May 1969. On May 15, she signed a management agreement. The next day, Shelby Singleton signed her to Plantation Records. Then they put her in the studio. Linda recorded eleven songs in one twelve-hour session. One of them was “Color Him Father,” a recent soul hit by the Winstons. Singleton wanted her to make it country. On the first take, he told her he did not want to hear the original record. He wanted to hear her. The single came out in July. By September, it had reached No. 22 on the country chart. Radio stations that had never seen Linda Martell were playing her voice between the records of Tammy Wynette, Lynn Anderson, and Jeannie C. Riley. Then she walked onto the Grand Ole Opry stage. In August 1969, Linda Martell became the first Black woman to perform there. She would appear on the Opry twelve times. She sang on Hee Haw. She released Color Me Country in 1970. For a moment, it looked as if country music had made room for a new kind of star. But the room was never as open as it looked. Linda faced racial abuse from audiences, resistance inside the business, and a label whose name itself carried the weight of the South she had grown up in. Her records stopped getting the support they needed. By the mid-1970s, she had left Nashville and gone back home to South Carolina, where she worked outside the music business for decades. Then, in 2024, Beyoncé brought Linda Martell’s voice onto Cowboy Carter. More than fifty years after Nashville gave her one fast chance, the woman who had recorded eleven songs in a single day was heard again by millions of people. The first record had been called “Color Him Father.” This time, country music had to remember her name.

Country Music

TAMMY WYNETTE’S BABY WEIGHED LESS THAN TWO POUNDS. TAMMY WAS STILL GETTING UP AT 4 A.M. TO SING BEFORE HER TEN-HOUR SHIFT. Before Nashville called her Tammy Wynette, she was Virginia Pugh Byrd — a young mother in Mississippi trying to keep three little girls fed. She had married Euple Byrd at seventeen. They lived where they could afford to live. Sometimes there was no running water. Sometimes there was no heat. Tammy learned cosmetology because a beauty-school certificate looked more practical than a dream of country music. She cut hair. She waited tables. She worked wherever a young mother could find a paycheck. Then, in March 1965, her daughter Tina was born three months early. The baby weighed about two pounds. Four months later, Tina developed spinal meningitis and spent seventeen days in isolation at the hospital. Tammy borrowed money from family to cover the bills. The marriage was already breaking apart. Her husband was away. The future singer who would one day stand in sequins before sold-out crowds was still trying to get through the week without letting the hospital debt swallow the family whole. But she kept singing. She sang in bars. She sang for customers. She sang whenever somebody gave her a few minutes near a microphone. The voice was there before the name was there — high, wounded, unmistakably female in a world that did not give struggling women many places to tell the truth. By 1966, Tammy had left the marriage and gone to Nashville with her daughters. She arrived with no hit record, no powerful manager, and no certainty that country music needed another young mother with a hard-luck story. But she carried the sound of every room she had already survived. “Apartment No. 9” came first. Then “Your Good Girl’s Gonna Go Bad.” Then “I Don’t Wanna Play House.” The woman country music later called the First Lady had already learned what it meant to stand beside a hospital bed, count borrowed money, and sing anyway.

Country Music

THE FIRST RECORD SKEETER DAVIS MADE WITH BETTY JACK WENT TO NO. 1. TEN WEEKS LATER, BETTY JACK WAS DEAD AND SKEETER WAS WAKING UP IN A HOSPITAL WITHOUT HER. Before Skeeter Davis became the woman who sang “The End of the World,” she was half of the Davis Sisters. Her real name was Mary Frances Penick. Betty Jack Davis was her best friend from high school in Kentucky. They were not related, but they sang together so often that Skeeter took Betty Jack’s last name and the two became sisters everywhere that mattered: on local radio, in talent contests, in Detroit clubs, and finally in the RCA Victor studio. In May 1953, they recorded “I Forgot More Than You’ll Ever Know.” The song began climbing quickly. It went to No. 1 on the country chart and crossed into pop radio. Two young women who had once sung during school lunch breaks were suddenly hearing their voices come back through jukeboxes and car radios across the country. Then, after a show in Wheeling, West Virginia, they started driving home. Near Cincinnati, in the early morning of August 2, another driver crossed into their path. The collision was head-on. Betty Jack was killed. Skeeter survived with serious head injuries. When she woke up in the hospital, the girl she had sung beside for years was gone. But the record kept climbing. “I Forgot More Than You’ll Ever Know” stayed at No. 1 for eight weeks. Radio listeners were buying the song while Skeeter was trying to recover from the crash that had ended the duo behind it. The Davis Sisters had become famous at the exact moment one of them could no longer hear the record. Six months later, Skeeter went back onstage. Beside her was Georgia Davis, Betty Jack’s younger sister. They continued as the Davis Sisters. They recorded more singles. They toured with RCA package shows. They even stood at the Grand Ole Opry for a tribute to Betty Jack. But the name was the same only on paper. Every harmony carried the space where one voice used to be. By 1956, Skeeter left the act and began again as a solo singer. Years later, she would make “The End of the World,” one of the loneliest records country music ever sent into pop radio. But before that song, Skeeter Davis had already watched a world end. She had heard a No. 1 record rise while one half of the harmony was gone.

Country Music

IN 1984, BARBARA MANDRELL SURVIVED A CRASH THAT LEFT HER BODY BROKEN. THE WOMAN WHO HAD ALREADY LOST HER VOICE ONCE HAD TO FIND HER WAY BACK AGAIN. By 1984, Barbara Mandrell had already spent years making country music look effortless. She had been a teenage steel-guitar player in her family band. She had become one of Nashville’s biggest stars, won CMA Entertainer of the Year twice, and carried Barbara Mandrell and the Mandrell Sisters into millions of homes every Saturday night. But the schedule had started to cost her. Voice problems had forced her to end the television show, and she was trying to rebuild the next chapter with a Las Vegas production, a new special, and another round of work. Then, on September 11, she was driving in Tennessee with two of her children. Another car crossed into her lane. The collision was head-on. Barbara suffered a broken femur, a shattered ankle, a damaged knee, cuts, and a severe concussion. Her children survived with less serious injuries. The other driver was killed. For months, she was not thinking about records or television cameras. She was dealing with surgeries, rehabilitation, pain, memory problems, and a body that no longer trusted her to move the way it had before. But country music kept moving while Barbara was recovering. Her 1985 single “There’s No Love in Tennessee” reached the Top 10. Then came “Fast Lanes and Country Roads.” “No One Mends a Broken Heart Like You.” The songs were coming back before she could fully believe her own life was returning with them. In 1986, Barbara stepped back onto a stage at the Universal Amphitheatre in Los Angeles. Dolly Parton opened the show. The woman who had once made rhinestones, high heels, and television spotlights look easy had spent eighteen months learning how to stand, walk, and perform through pain again. She was not returning to the same body that had driven down that road in Tennessee. But she was returning. Barbara Mandrell did not come back because the crash had stopped hurting. She came back while her body was still teaching her how to live with what it had taken.